Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) batteries are widely used in consumer electronics due to their high energy density and long life. Constant current charging is often recommended by manufacturers. Several ...
D1 is the voltage reference zener. Tied to this is a string of divider resistors (R2-6) that set the various fixed voltage levels. R7 & 8 form a voltage divider to that divides the battery voltage by ...